# Papers

Publications using UCLCHEM and related research.

## Primary Reference

If you use UCLCHEM in your research, please cite:

> **Holdship, J., et al. (2017)**  
> "UCLCHEM: A Gas-Grain Chemical Code for Clouds, Cores, and C-Shocks"  
> *The Astronomical Journal*, 154(2), 38  
> [DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/aa773f](https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aa773f) • [arXiv:1707.06489](https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.06489)

---

## Recent Publications Using UCLCHEM

### 2026

**Tram, L. N., et al. (2026)**  
"One-dimensional and time-dependent modelling of complex organic molecules in protostars"  
*Accepted for A&A*  
[arXiv:2601.00731](https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.00731)

```{note}
This work implements one-dimensional, time-dependent modelling for protostars in UCLCHEM. These improvements are scheduled for release with **UCLCHEM 4.0** and are not yet available in the main branch.
```

### 2025

**Dijkhuis, T. M., Lamberts, T., Viti, S., Cuppen, H. M. (2025)**  
"A sensitivity analysis of interstellar ice chemistry in astrochemical models"  
*Accepted for A&A*  
[arXiv:2511.01042](https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.01042)

**Dutkowska, K. M., Vermariën, G., Viti, S., et al. (2025)**  
"Chemical templates of the Central Molecular Zone: Shock and protostellar object signatures under Galactic Center conditions"  
*Astronomy & Astrophysics*, 703, A46  
[DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202556188](https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202556188) • [arXiv:2508.10759](https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10759)

**Gigli, D., Fontani, F., Colzi, L., Vermariën, G., Viti, S., et al. (2025)**  
"CHEMOUT: CHEMical complexity in star-forming regions of the OUTer Galaxy: V. Chemical composition gradients as a function of the galactocentric radius"  
*Astronomy & Astrophysics*, 704, A171  
[DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202555956](https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202555956) • [arXiv:2509.26556](https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.26556)

**Vermariën, G., Viti, S., Heyl, J., Fontani, F. (2025)**  
"Understanding molecular ratios in the carbon- and oxygen-poor outer Milky Way with interpretable machine learning"  
*Astronomy & Astrophysics*, 699, A18  
[DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202553893](https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202553893) • [arXiv:2505.08410](https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.08410)

### 2024

**Behrens, E., Mangum, J. G., Viti, S., Holdship, J., et al. (2024)**  
"Neural Network Constraints on the Cosmic-Ray Ionization Rate and Other Physical Conditions in NGC 253 with ALCHEMI Measurements of HCN and HNC"  
*The Astrophysical Journal*, 977, 38  
[DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad85db](https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad85db) • [arXiv:2409.13821](https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.13821)

### 2023

**Priestley, F. D., Whitworth, A. P., Fogerty, E. (2023)**  
"Differences in chemical evolution between isolated and embedded prestellar cores"  
*Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society*, 518, 4839  
[DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stac3444](https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac3444) • [arXiv:2211.12529](https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.12529)

### 2022

**Holdship, J., Mangum, J. G., Viti, S., et al. (2022)**  
"Energizing Star Formation: The Cosmic-Ray Ionization Rate in NGC 253 Derived from ALCHEMI Measurements of H₃O⁺ and SO"  
*The Astrophysical Journal*, 931, 89  
[DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac6753](https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac6753) • [arXiv:2204.03668](https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.03668)

### 2020

**Scourfield, M., Viti, S., García-Burillo, S., et al. (2020)**  
"ALMA observations of CS in NGC 1068: chemistry and excitation"  
*Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society*, 496, 5308  
[DOI: 10.1093/mnras/staa1891](https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1891) • [arXiv:2006.15041](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.15041)

### 2019

**Zeng, S., Quénard, D., Jiménez-Serra, I., et al. (2019)**  
"First detection of the pre-biotic molecule glycolonitrile (HOCH₂CN) in the interstellar medium"  
*Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters*, 484, L43  
[DOI: 10.1093/mnrasl/slz002](https://doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slz002) • [arXiv:1901.02576](https://arxiv.org/abs/1901.02576)

### 2018

**Jiménez-Serra, I., Viti, S., Quénard, D., Holdship, J. (2018)**  
"The Chemistry of Phosphorus-bearing Molecules under Energetic Phenomena"  
*The Astrophysical Journal*, 862, 128  
[DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aacdf2](https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aacdf2) • [arXiv:1806.07281](https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.07281)

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## Complete Publication List

For a comprehensive list of publications using UCLCHEM, see the [citations to our release paper](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020MNRAS.496.5308S/citations) on NASA ADS.

---


```{seealso}
- [Other Projects](../projects/index.md) for related software in the UCLCHEM ecosystem
- [Contributing Guide](../contributing/index.md) to contribute code to UCLCHEM
```